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UNUP-918
ISBN 92-808-0918-0
03000 P

Contents

Note to the reader from the UNU

Preface

Background
Regional environmental futures
References

Opening address by the Hon. Minister of Environment, Science and Technology

Introduction

Economy and society: Development issues
Environmental issues and futures
Environment and resource management
Institutional issues
Environment and development in Ghana
Recommendations
References

Part 1: Economy and society: development issues

Poverty, vulnerability, and rural development

The nature of poverty
Rural poverty and development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Aspects of economy and society in SS Africa
Vulnerability
Poverty and economic reform
Conclusion
References

Environmental management and social equity

Introduction
The key notions
The political-economic context of contemporary environmental management
Social equity and environmental management: Some examples
The way forward
References

Introduction to population, resources, and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction
Internal and international migration
Natural resources
Human resources
Population, agricultural land, and food supply
Population, economy, and sustainable development
References

Urbanization and industrialization: What future for Sub-Saharan Africa?

Introduction
The continuing rapid rate and scale of urbanization
The urban environment
The limitations of industrialization
The impact of structural adjustment
Sub-Saharan Africa as the global periphery
Implications for urbanization and industrialization
References

Urban environmental management and issues in Africa south of the Sahara

Introduction
The process of urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa
The nature of environmental problems
Causes of the current problems
The way forward
Concluding remarks
References

Part 2: Environmental issues and futures

Towards sustainable environmental and resource management futures in Sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction
The concept of sustainable development and its implications
Driving forces
Levels of environmental effects of human activities and sustainability concerns
Constraints on sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Recommendations
References

Drought, desertification, and water management in Sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction
Droughts in Sub-Saharan Africa and their implications for planning and development
Desertification
Land degradation and management of soil and water
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References

Tropical deforestation and its impact on soil, environment, and agricultural productivity

Introduction
TRF and its conversion
Soils of the TRF ecosystem
Forest conversion and soil productivity
Deforestation and the emission of radiatively active gases
Deforestation and hydrological balance
Sustainable use of the TRF ecosystem
Research needs
References

The coastal zone and oceanic problems of Sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction
The value of the coastal zone and oceans
The main problems and their causes
Remedies
References

Part 3: Environment and resource management

Agricultural development in the age of sustainability: Crop production

Introduction
The ecological zones of Sub-Saharan Africa
General crop production constraints and potentials for overcoming them
Technologies with potential for sustainable resource management
Women's underexploited potential
Suggested approaches to sustainable production
Summary
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References

Agricultural development in the age of sustainability: Livestock production

Introduction
Livestock production, productivity, and feed resources
The effect of government policy on livestock production
Suggested solutions
Summary and conclusions
References

The fuelwood/energy crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction
Population and environmental concerns
The primary energy sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
Problems of the energy sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
The socio-economic implications of the fuelwood crisis
Strategies to combat the fuelwood crisis
New and renewable energy development
Conclusion
References

The case for mineral resources management and development in Sub-Saharan Africa

References

Part 4: Institutional issues

Modes of international and regional research cooperation

Introduction
The global change programmes
Networking
Environmental governance
Outlook
References

National, regional, and international cooperation for sustainable environmental and resource management: The place and roles of NGOs

Introduction
Information sharing
Partnerships with other institutions
Dialogues with governmental and industry organs
Linking with policy institutions
Working with monitoring institutions for effective implementation and accountability
Conclusion
References

Part 5: Environment and development in Ghana

Institutional issues on the environment and resource management with reference to Ghana

Introduction
Early developments
The Stockholm Conference and after
The Environmental Action Plan (EAP)
Institutional problems and issues
The implementation of the Environmental Action Plan
Conclusion
References

The environmental impact and sustainability of plantations in Sub-Saharan Africa: Ghana's experiences with oil-palm plantations

Introduction
Overview of the plantation system in the Sub-Sahara
The evolution of plantations in Ghana
The positive impacts of the plantations
Adverse environmental impacts and sustainability
Conclusion
References

Contributors

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