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2. Ninety-seven agro-forestry configurations observed in 121 polycultural fields involving perennials in upland areas of the Brazilian Amazon, 1988-1992

Crops	Location
African oil-palm, black pepper Arabica coffee, coconut	Bragantina, Pará, Ramal CEMEX, km 101 Santarém
Arabica coffee, Ingá Arabica coffee, maize Avocado, mamey Banana, black pepper, manioc Banana ("Peruará," "Nanica"), cupuaçu, pineapple, papaya	Rurópolis, Pará, Bragantina, Pará, Km 104 Altamira-Itaituba, Transamazon Tome-Acu, Pará, Km 40 Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará, Ricardo Ribeiro, Sitio Sapecado, vicinal Ferrovia, km 35 PA 150 Marabá
Banana, orange, mango Banana, passionfruit	Xinguara, Pará, Km 18 Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará, Nr. Ariquemes, Rondônia; Tomé-Açu, Pará,
Banana, cupuaçu Brazil nut	Araras, km 35 Transamazon, Marabá Estreito, Pará,
Banana, passionfruit Banana, cupuaçu, pineapple, Brazil nut, mango, tangerine, açaí, piquiá, jackfruit, tutaruba^c	Km 14 Ariquemes-Jarú, Rondônia José Brito's lot, Lastancia, municipality of Itupiranga, Pará,
Banana ("Peruará"), cupuaçu, papaya, manioc ("Juriti"), Ingá, sweetsop, grosela, mango ("Arara," "Dots kilos"), coconut, pineapple, lime, avocado	José Brito's lot, Lastancia, municipality of Itupiranga, Pará,
Banana, peach-palm, cupuaçu	Side-road from km 155 BR 364, Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Barbados cherry, manioc	Colonia del Rei, Ramal Maritaca, km 128 BR 10, Pará,
Black pepper, biribá, Brazil nut,^bmango, azeitona, guava, robusta coffee ("Conilon"), pineapple	Raimundo Carneiro, São Benedito, side-road from km 77 Santarém Rurópolis, Pará,
Black pepper, Brazil nut, mango^d	Km 172 Santarém-Rurópolis, Pará,
Black pepper, cacao	Ramal Anauerá, nr. Quatro Bocas, PA 256, Pará,
Black pepper, manioc	Boa Esperança, km 43 Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará,
Black pepper, coconut	Miguel Pires, km 68 Santarém Rurópolis, Pará,
Black pepper, coconut, açaí	Ramal da Jupuba, PA 252, Pará,
Black pepper, coconut, peach-palm, passionfruit	Ramal da Jupuba, PA 252, Pará,
Black pepper, cupuaçu	Ramal Anauerá, nr. Quatro Bocas, PA 256, Pará,; nr. Tailfindia, PA 150, Pará,
Black pepper, orange	Nr. Capitão Poço, Pará,; nr. Tomé-Açu, Pará,; nr. Tailândia, PA 150, Pará,; Ramal Jambu-Açu, PA 252, Pará,; Mojui dos Campos, Pará,
Black pepper, orange, manioc, watermelon	Ramal da Jupuba, PA 252, Pará,
Black pepper, rubber, orange, cupuaçu, coconut, cashew	Juliano Pereira, Comunidade Boa Esper anga, km 70 Santarem-Rur6polis, Pará,
Black pepper, pasture	Nr. Theobroma, Rondônia
Black pepper, cupuaçu, freijo, arabica coffee ("Mocha")	Trav. Bragantina, nr. Forquilha, PA 256, Pará,
Black pepper, avocado, mango, freijo, açaí, cashew	Trav. Bragantina, nr. Forquilha, PA 256, Pará,
Black pepper, andiroba, coconut, freijo	Trav. Bragantina, nr. Forquilha, PA 256, Pará,
Black pepper, açaí, cupuaçu, arabica coffee ("Bourbon"), yellow mombim	Ramal Anauerá, nr. Quatro Bocas, PA 256, Pará,
Brachiaria pasture, Caribbean pine	Bragantina, Pará,
Quicuio pasture, annatto	Bragantina, Pará,
Cacao, açaí,	Tome-Agu, Pará, (2 farms)
Cacao, biribá	Cacaulandia, Rondônia
Cacao, Brazil nut	Tome-Agu, Pará, (2 farms)
Cacao, Brazil nut, freijo	Tome-Agu, Pará, (2 farms)
Cacao, cedar	Tomé-Açu, Pará,
Cacao, cedar, avocado, uxi	Ramal Anauerá, nr. Quatro Bocas, PA 256, Pará,
Cacao, cupuaçu	Ramal Anauerá, nr. Quatro Bocas, PA 256, Pará,
Cacao, freijo	Tome-Agu, Pará, (2 farms)
Cacao, guava	Km 82 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon
Cacao, mahogany	Tome-Agu, Pará,
Cacao, rubber	Tome-Agu, Pará, (2 farms); Fazenda São Jorge, Ramal Murumuru, side-road from km 33 Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará,
Cacao, rubber, tangerine, guava	Nr. Jaru, Rondônia
Cacao, mango, açaí,, Erythrina, arabica coffee, palhateira, Brazil nut, cupuaçu andiroba	Trav. Bragantina, nr. Forquilha, PA 256, Pará,
Cashew, taro, sweet manioc, guava	Km 104 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon
Cashew, mamey, bacuri, sweetsop	Tome-Agu, Pará,
Cashew, annatto, Barbados cherry, mango, banana ("Catave"), papaya, jackfruit, gandu, cupuaçu, coconut, Ingá-cipó, orange, tangerine, avo cado, bitter manioc ("Jai-bara")	Colonia del Rei, Ramal Maritaca, km 128 BR 10, Pará,
Coconut, cupuaçu	Km 3, Agrovila Coco Chato-ltupiranga, Pará,
Coconut, passionfruit	Capitão Poço, Pará, Km 178 Manaus-ltacoatiara, Amazonas;
Coconut, orange	km 74 Ruropolis-Santarem, BR 163, Pará,; km 10 and km 22 Santarém Curuá Una, Pará,
Coconut, lime, soursop, guava	Taba plantation, nr. Mosqueiro, Pará,
Cupuaçu, banana	Km 104 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon
Cupuaçu, freijo	Tome-Agu, Pará,
Cupuaçu, peach-palm	Side-road from km 155 BR 364, Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Cupuaçu, Macacaúba, mahogany	Tome-Agu, Pará,
Cupuaçu, peach-palm, Brazil nut	Side-road from km 155 BR 364, Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Cupuaçu, orange, black pepper, rubber	Km 81 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon
Guinea grass, pineapple	Lourenço Aranjo's lot, Lastancia, muni cipality of Itupiranga, Pará,
Jackfruit, avocado, rubber, cupuaçu, cacao	Km 80 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon
Mango, cattle pasture Manioc, banana ("Branca," "Perua," "Casada" at Souza home)	Km 73 Manaus-Itacoatiara, Amazonas Estrada 6, Belterra, Pará,; km 62 Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará,; km 151 Manaus-Itacoatiara, Amazonas; Nenas Souza, km 46 Santarém-Rurópolis, Pará,
Manioc, banana, cupuaçu, peach-palm, Brazil nut	Side-road from km 155 BR 364, Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Manioc, banana, cupuaçu, papaya	Estrada 10, Belterra, Pará,
Manioc ("Jibarinha"), cupuaçu, sweet potato	Elias Magres, São Joao Batista, munici parity of Itupiranga, Pará,
Manioc, cupuaçu, orange ("Serra d'água"), avocado	Casa 16, Estrada 10, Belterra, Pará,
Manioc (sweet: "Boliviana"), maize, banana ("Baie," "Anaja," "roxo")	Sergio Freitas, km 56 Santarém Rurópolis, Pará,
Manioc, jaranar	Francisco Lira, Comunidade Cipoal, km 15 Santarém-Rurópolis, Pará,
Manioc, orange	Estrada 10, and case 10, Estrada 6, Belterra, Pará,; Francisco Lira, Comunidade Cipo al , km 1 5 Santarém Rurópolis, Pará,; km 21 Santarém Curuá Una, Pará,
Manioc, papaya	Km 60, Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará,
Manioc, passionfruit	Casa 10, Estrada 6, Belterra, Pará,
Orange, robusta coffee ("Conilon"), coconut, rubber, cacao	Juliano Pereira, Comunidade Boa Esper anga, km 70 Santarém-Rurópolis, Pará,
Orange, Brazil nut, cupuaçu, banana, cacao, annatto, biribá, avocado, jackfruit, sweetsop	Estrada 6, Belterra, 2.6 km from the Santarém-Rurópolis Highway
Orange, manioc	Colonia del Rei, Ramal Maritaca, km 128 BR 10, Pará,
Orange, manioc rubber	Km 70 Manaus-Itacoatiara, Amazonas
Orange, cotton	Capitão Poço, Pará,
Orange, cupuaçu	Casa 10, Estrada 6, Belterra, Pará,
Orange, Passionfruit	Nr. Igarapé-Açu, Bragantina; near Tomé Açu, Pará, Francisco Lira, Comunidade Cipoal, km 15 Santarém Rurópolis, Pará,
Orange, pineapple, tangerine	Colonia del Rei, Ramal Maritaca, km 128 BR 10, Pará,
Orange, cattle pasture Orange, rubber	Km 73 Manaus-ltacoatiara, Amazonas Km 70, km 110, and km 112 Manaus ltacoatiara, Amazonas
Passionfruit, African oil-palm Passionfruit, Barbados cherry	Bragantina, Pará, Granja Soc, km 35 Santarém-Curuá Una, Pará,
Peach-palm, guaraná Robusta coffee, rubber	Nr. Jarú, Rondônia Side-road from km 155 BR 364, Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Robusta coffee, common bean Robusta coffee, mahogany, cedar	Km 104 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon Side-road from km 155 BR 364, Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Robusta coffee, rubber, tangerine, guava	Nr. Theobroma, Rondônia
Robusta coffee, rubber, biribá	Nr. Jarú, Rondônia
Robusta coffee, cacao, avocado	Km 104 Altamira-ltaituba, Transamazon
Robusta coffee, mahogany, pineapple, coconut	Colonia del Rei, Ramal Maritaca, km 128, BR 10, Pará,
Rubber, black pepper	Bragantina, Pará, Capitão Poço Pará,
Rubber, brachiarão pasture	Nr. Ariquemes, Rondônia
Rubber, cacao	Km 70 BR 364 Rio Branco-Porto Velho
Rubber, Passionfruit	Nr. Vila Forquilha, PA 256, Pará,
Tangerine, rubber	Nenas Souza, km 46 Santarém Rurópolis, Pará,

Note: Crops are listed in approximate order of current importance in terms of production and

income, although this order is difficult to ascertain in many cases. Commodity prices fluctuate

and agro-forestry systems are highly dynamic, with some crops on the verge of being phased out while others are just coming on line.

a. For scientific names of plants see appendix 1.

b. Spontaneous.

c. Wild fruit tree spared when the forest was cut.

d. The few Brazil nut and mango trees are spontaneous.

e. Farmer reports that this is not a good combination because of guava's aggressive root system and competition for water.

f. Forest tree left standing; used for making fence posts.

3. Seventy-four plant species (exclusive of ornamentals, medicinal plants, and vegetables) found in 31 home gardens in upland areas of rural Pará,, 1992

Plant	Local name of fruit	Home gardens	Amazon native	Native to neotropics	Old World native
Açai	Açai	10	+
Ameixa	Ameixa	4			+
Annatto	Urucu	15	+
Arabica coffee	Cafe	14			+
Avocado	Abacate	16		+
Azeitona	Azeitona	2	+
Babaçu	Babaçu, côco	3	+
Bacaba	Bacaba	5	+
Banana	Banana	15			+
Barbados cherry	Acerola	2		+
biribá	biribá	8	+
Black pepper	Pimento do reino	6		+
Brazil nut	Castanha do Pará,	6	+
Breadfruit	Fruta-pão	1			+
Buriti	Buriti	1	+
Cacao	Cacao	10	+
Caimito	Abiu	1	+
Calabash gourd	Cuia	5			+
Canela	Canela	1	+
Capsicum pepper	Pimenta	5	+
Carambola	Carambola	2			+
Cashew	Caju	19	+
Cedar	Cedro	1	+
Coconut	côco	16		+
Common bean	Feijão	1		+
Cotton	Algodão	7	+
Cumaru	Cumaru	1			+
Cunambi	Cunambi	1	+
Cupuaçu	Cupuaçu	21			+
Cupui	Cupui	1	+
Embileira	Embileira	1	+
Genipap	Jenipapo	3		+
Giant granadilla	Maracujá-açu	1		+
Guava	Goiaba	18	+
Ingá	Ingá	6	+
Ingá-açu	Ingá-açu	1	+
Jackfruit	Jaca	15			+
Jangada	Jangada	1	+
Lima	Lima	4			+
Lime	Limão	14		+
Lemon grass	Capim santo	1		+	+
Macacaúba	Macacaúba	2	+
Malay apple	Jambo	7	+
Mamelo	Mamelo	1	+
Mango	Manga	27		+
Manioc	Mandhioca, macaxeira	5	+
Morototó	Morototó	1	+
Mountain soursop	Araticum	1		+
Mucaja	Mucaja	2	+
Muruci	Muruci	8	+
Oiticica	Oiticica	1			+
Orange	Laranja	25		+
Pajura	Pajura	1	+
Papaya	Mamão	10		+
Passionfruit	Maracujá	4		+
Peach-palm	Pupunha	13	+
Pineapple	Abacaxi	11		+
piquiá	piquiá	1	+
Pitinga	Pitinga	1	+
Pitomba	Pitomba	2	+
Robusta coffee	Cafe	2			+
Rough lemon	Limão-cravo	3			+
Rubber	Seringa	1	+
Soursop	Graviola	9	+
Sugarcane	Cana	4			+
Sweet potato	Batata doce	1		+
Sweetsop	Ata	1		+
Tamarind	Tamarindo	1			+
Tangerine	Tangerina	14			+
Tobacco	Fumo	1		+
Tropical almond	Castanhola	1			+
Tucumã	Tucumã	I	+
Uxi	Uxi	1	+
Yellow mombim	Cajá, taperebá	6	+

Sources of information on aop origins: Cavalcante (1991); Smith et al. (1992). a. For scienti6c names of planes see appendix 1.

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