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When the tagnames described in this chapter are used in interchange files, they are all subsidiary to the <DRVD-COMP> element.
| <AAAN> | amino
acids, total aromatic; expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Comments: Phenylalanine plus tyrosine only, in spite of the fact that tryptophan is also chemically aromatic. Tables: EA, SWD |
| <AAAP> | amino
acids, total aromatic; expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein Comments: Phenylalanine plus tyrosine only, in spite of the fact that tryptophan is also chemically aromatic. |
| <AAET8-> | essential
to total amino acid ratio; includes the eight basic
essential amino acids : isoleucine, leucine, lysine,
methionine , phenylalanine , threonine, tryptophan, and
valine Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) Synonym: E/T Comments: See page 79 for a discussion of the denominator of this ratio. |
| <AAET10A> | essential
to total amino acid ratio; includes the eight basic
essential amino acids plus arginine and histidine Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) Synonym: E/T Comments: Arginine and histidine are included in this essential amino acid total because they are essential for infants. See page 79 for a discussion of the denominator of this ratio. |
| <AAET10B> | essential
to total amino acid ratio; includes the eight basic
essential amino acids plus cystine and tyrosine Unit: % (The use of < UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) Synonym: E/T Comments: Cystine and tyrosine are included in this essential amino acid total because of their sparing effect on methionine and phenylalanine respectively. See page 79 for a discussion of the denominator of this ratio. |
| <AAET12> | essential
to total amino acid ratio; includes the eight basic
essential amino acids plus arginine, histidine, cystine,
and tyrosine Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) Synonym: E/T Comments: Arginine and histidine are included in this essential amino acid total because they are essential for infants; cystine and histidine are included in the total because of their sparing effects on methionine and phenylalanine respectively. See page 79 for a discussion of the denominator of this ratio. Tables: ETH |
| <AAET-> | essential
to total amino acid ratio; neither the numerator (which
amino acids are considered essential) nor the denominator
(which amino acids are included in the total) is
specified Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) Synonym: E/T Comments: See page 79 for a discussion of the denominator of this ratio. |
| <AAE8N> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
nitrogen; includes the eight basic essential amino acids:
isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine,
threonine, tryptophan, and valine Unit: mg/g nitrogen |
| <AAE8P> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
protein; includes the eight basic essential amino acids:
isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine,
threonine, tryptophan and valine Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <AAE1OAN> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
nitrogen; includes the eight basic essential amino acids
plus arginine and histidine Unit: mg/g nitrogen Comments: Arginine and histidine are included in this total essential amino acid value because they are essential for infants. |
| <AAE1OAP> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
protein; includes the eight basic essential amino acids
plus arginine and histidine Unit: mg/100 g protein Comments: Arginine and histidine are included in this total essential amino acid value because they are essential for infants. |
| <AAE1OBN> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
nitrogen; includes the eight basic essential amino acids
plus cystine and tyrosine Unit: mg/g nitrogen Comments: Cystine and tyrosine are included in this total essential amino acid value because of their sparing effects on methionine and phenylalanine respectively. |
| <AAE10BP> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
protein; includes the eight basic essential amino acids
plus cystine and tyrosine Unit: mg/100 g protein Comments: Cystine and tyrosine are included in this total essential amino acid value because of their sparing effects on methionine and phenylalanine respectively. |
| <AAE12N> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
nitrogen; includes the eight basic essential amino acids
plus arginine, histidine, cystine, and tyrosine Unit: mg/g nitrogen Comments: Arginine and histidine are included in this total essential amino acid value because they are essential for infants; cystine and tyrosine are included because of their sparing effects on methionine and phenylalanine respectively. Tables: ETH, NE, EA |
| <AAE12P> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
protein; includes the eight basic essential amino acids
plus arginine, histidine, cystine, and tyrosine Unit: mg/100 g protein Comments: Arginine and histidine are included in this total essential amino acid value because they are essential for infants; cystine and tyrosine are included because of their sparing effects on methionine and phenylalanine respectively. |
| <AAEN-> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
nitrogen; unknown which amino acids are included in the
total value Unit: mg/g nitrogen |
| <AAEP-> | amino
acids, total essential; expressed per quantity of
protein; unknown which amino acids are included in the
total value Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <AALB> | limiting
amino acid; determined through biological experiment Unit: None (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname since no unit is required for its value.) Comments: Two pieces of data are associated with the tagname <AALB>. he first is the tagname of the limiting amino acid; the second is a keyword identifying the animal used in the biological experiments which determined the limiting amino acid. Keywords: The following keywords are available for identifying the animal in which the biological experiments were conducted: MAN experiments conducted with human subjects RAT experiments conducted with rats |
| <AALC> | limiting
amino acid; determined through calculation Unit: None (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname since no unit is required for its value.) Comments: The limiting amino acid is determined by comparing the quantity of each essential amino acid in the food to the quantity of the same amino acid in a reference protein or amino acid mixture. The amino acid found in the lowest ratio is the limiting amino acid. Two data items are associated with tagname <AALB>. The first is the tagname of the limiting amino acid; the second is a keyword identifying the reference protein or amino acid pattern used in calculation of the chemical (amino acid) score. Keywords: The keywords to designate the reference pattern are identical to those for the chemical score. See tagname < CHEMSC > on page 65. Tables: EA Example: In the FAO Food Composition Table for Use in East Asia, lysine is listed as the limiting amino acid in sesame seeds. This determination was made through calculations of chemical score using the FAO reference protein pattern recommended in 1973. Therefore, the <AALC> tagname would be used to convey this information in the following manner: <AALC> LYS FA073 < /AALC> Note: In this example, </AALC> is an end-tag required in interchange format to indicate the end of the information about the limiting amino acid. See the INFOODS Data Interchange Handbook for details on interchange format. |
| <AASN> | amino
acids, total sulphur-containing; expressed per quantity
of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Comments: Cystine plus methionine. Tables: NE, EA, SWD |
| <AASP> | amino
acids, total sulphur-containing; expressed per quantity
of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein Comments: Cystine plus methionine. |
| <AATN> | amino
acids, total; expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Tables: ETH, NE, EA |
| <AATP> | amino
acids, total; expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <ALAN> | alanine;
expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Tables: MW, ETH, NE, EA, DAN, SWD |
| <ALAP> | alanine;
expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <ARGN> | arginine;
expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Tables: MW, IND, ETH, NE, EA, DAN, SWD |
| <ARGP> | arginine;
expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <ASNN> | asparagine;
expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Tables: MW, ETH, NE, EA |
| <ASNP> | asparagine;
expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <ASPN> | aspartic
acid; expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Tables: MW, ETH, NE, EA, DAN, SWD |
| < ASPP> | aspartic
acid; expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| < CHEMSC > | chemical
score Unit: None (The chemical score should be expressed as a ratio, not as a percentage value. Also, the use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname since no unit is required.) Synonyms: protein score, amino acid score Comments: Chemical score is the ratio of the quantity of the limiting amino acid in the food per quantity of this same amino acid in the protein of egg or a standard amino acid reference mixture. Keywords: Three data items are associated with the tagname <CHEMSC>: the calculated chemical score, a keyword to identify the reference protein or amino acid mixture that was used in determining the chemical score, and an optional second keyword to indicate the basis of the calculation. The available values of the first keyword are: EGG egg protein, as described by Block and Mitchell (1) or an equivalent method. MILK human milk protein FA057 reference protein pattern based on human amino acid requirements and recommended by FAO in 1957 (5) FAO65 reference protein pattern based on egg protein and suggested by the Joint FAD/WHO Expert Committee on Energy and Protein Requirements in 1965 (6) FA073 reference protein pattern based on human amino acid requirements and suggested by the Joint FAD/WHO Expert Committee on Energy and Protein Requirements in 1973 (3) Note: Additional keywords will be added as reference mixtures are defined and used in food composition data bases. Keywords: If it is known whether the calculation is based on values determined with respect to total protein or with respect to total nitrogen, this can be specified with an additional keyword, whose possible values are: N values calculated per gram of nitrogen in test mixture P values calculated per gram of protein in test mixture See chapter 3 of Pellett and Young (11) for additional discussion. Tables: ETH, EA Example: In the FAO Food Composition Table For Use in East Asia, the chemical score for sesame seeds is listed as 58 (this is a percentage: 0.58 x 100). The value was calculated using the 19 73 FAO reference protein pattern. This information would be conveyed using the <CHEMSC> tagname in the following manner: < CHEMSC > 0.58 FAO73 < /CHEMSC > Note: In this example, </CHEMSC> is an end-tag required in interchange format to indicate the end of the chemical score information. See the INFOODS Data Interchange Handbook for details on interchange format. |
| < CYSN > | cystine;
expressed per quantity of nitrogen Unit: mg/g nitrogen Tables: MW, IND, ETH, NE, EA, DAN, SWD |
| <CYSP> | cystine;
expressed per quantity of protein Unit: mg/100 g protein |
| <ENERPA> | energy,
percent contributed by alcohol Unit: % (The use of < UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) |
| < ENERPC > | energy,
percent contributed by carbohydrate Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) |
| <ENERPF> | energy,
percent contributed by fat Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) |
| < ENERPP > | energy,
percent contributed by protein Unit: % (The use of <UNIT/> is prohibited with this tagname; the value must be expressed as a percentage.) |