The use of organic residues in rural communities

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The Use of Organic Residues in Rural Communities

Table of contents (183 p.)

Edited by Cyril A. Shacklady

© The United Nations University 1983

Proceedings of the Workshop on Organic Residues in Rural Communities held in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, 11-12 December 1979, under the auspices of the Indonesian Government Institute of Sciences (LIPI), the Government of the Netherlands, and the United Nations University

THE UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY

Dr. Cyril A. Shacklady, of the Institute for Animal Nutrition Research (ILOB), Wageningen, Netherlands, served as technical editor of these proceedings, which were prepared for publication by Miss Jane Dittrich.

This book was prepared within the framework of the World Hunger Programme and the Programme on the Use and Management of Natural Resources of the United Nations University. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the United Nations University.

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Preface

Opening address

Residues of importance as potential animal feeds in Indonesia

Introduction
Background
Current animal industries
Potentially useful by-products and wastes in Indonesia
Overview of potentially useful residues in Indonesia
Conclusion

Major agricultural crop residues in Indonesia and their potential as raw materials for bioconversion

Introduction
Present status of agricultural residues
The prospects for intensifying and expanding the use of agricultural residues as raw materials for bioconversion
Major constraints hindering the use of agricultural residues as raw materials for bioconversion
Conclusions
Bibliography

Discussion I

The utilization of agricultural by-products and wastes in Indonesia

Introduction
The utilization of some agricultural by-products
The value of some agricultural by-products
Future research objectives
References

Bioconversion of rice straw into improved fodder for cattle

Preliminary treatments
The present investigation

The use of fibrous residues in South Asia

Introduction
Chemical composition
Methods of treating cereal straw
Feeding value of alkali-treated straw
The economic feasibility of feeding alkali-treated straw
Present use of fibrous residues in India and Sri Lanka
References

Protein enrichment of starchy substrates by solid-state fermentation

Introduction
Technical aspects
Summary
References

Discussion II

Mini-fermentation technology to produce single-cell protein from molasses

Introduction
Single-cell protein as a possibility for improving the protein supply
Raw materials
Proposed work programme
Approach and methodology
Estimated cost of the programme
Summary
Bibliography

Current status and utilization of carbohydrate residues in Indonesia

Introduction
General objectives
Main agro-industrial by-products
Development strategy
Conclusions

Bioconversion of carbohydrate residues in Thailand

Introduction
The present status of bioconversion of carbohydrate residues in Thailand
Application of bioconversion of carbohydrate residues

Use of carbohydrate residues in Malaysia

Introduction
Carbohydrate residues available
References

Production of microbial protein for feed from banana rejects

Introduction
Review of the literature
Materials and methods
Direct enzymatic fermentation

Potential alternative energy sources in the South Pacific

References

A model of bioconversion of aquacultural residues for aquaculture

Introduction
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Conclusions
References

Discussion III

Utilization of trash fish and fish wastes in Indonesia

Utilization
Production of fish silage
The nutritional value of fish silage
Proposal for further research
References

A new approach to reaching rural areas with biotechnology

Introduction
A new approach to industrialization
Farm modules
Advantages and disadvantages
Bibliography

Processes in biotechnology transfer to rural communities

Communication of technology and its demystification
In situ development and local participation

Processes in transferring biotechnology to rural communities

Introduction
Biotechnologies appropriate for rural communities
How biotechnology transfer might function
Conclusions
References

Problems and possibilities of introducing appropriate technology

Introduction
The traditional farmer
The failure of change and the role of government
Small farmers and appropriate technology
The role of science
Concluding remarks
References

Discussion IV

Recommendations of the working groups

Special working group on biogas

Report of the session on biogas
Notes on biogas systems and biotechnology transfer techniques

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The Use of Organic Residues in Rural Communities

Table of contents (183 p.)

Contents