Appendix: Index of agro-climatic seasonality (IACS)
Nation |
Mean |
SD |
Range |
No of met. stations |
Africa |
||||
Algeria |
0.61 |
0.30 |
0.00-1.00 |
38 |
Angola |
0.52 |
0.19 |
0.38-1.00 |
18 |
Benin |
0.44 |
0.09 |
0.35-0.60 |
6 |
Botswana |
0.75 |
0.12 |
0.64-1.00 |
8 |
Burkina Faso |
0.63 |
0.08 |
0.51-0.75 |
7 |
Burundi |
0.37 |
0.06 |
0.29-0.44 |
4 |
Cameroon |
0.32 |
0.23 |
0.00-0.65 |
10 |
Canary Islands |
0.82 |
- |
0.75-0.88 |
2 |
Cape Verde |
0.97 |
0.06 |
0.90-1.00 |
3 |
Central African Republic |
0.36 |
0.12 |
0.24-0.6 |
9 |
Chad |
0.72 |
0.14 |
0.54-1.00 |
12 |
Comores |
0.24 |
0.30 |
0.01-0.58 |
3 |
Congo |
0.22 |
0.15 |
0.00-0.38 |
9 |
Djibouti |
1.00 |
- |
1.00- 1.00 |
1 |
Egypt |
0.97 |
0.06 |
0.76- 1.00 |
28 |
Equatorial Guinea |
0.21 |
- |
0.18-0.23 |
2 |
Ethiopia |
0.49 |
0.21 |
0.08-1.00 |
130 |
Gabon |
0.24 |
0.07 |
0.11 -0.33 |
9 |
Gambia |
0.66 |
0.03 |
0.63-0.70 |
5 |
Ghana |
0.40 |
0.15 |
0.18-0.70 |
16 |
Guinea |
0.44 |
0.07 |
0.37-0.51 |
3 |
Guinea Bisseau |
0.55 |
0.02 |
0.51-0.57 |
5 |
Ivory Coast |
0.30 |
0.12 |
0.10-0.44 |
10 |
Kenya |
0.55 |
0.25 |
0.00- 1.00 |
45 |
Lesotho |
0.33 |
0.16 |
0.00-0.64 |
9 |
Liberia |
0.13 |
0.08 |
0.00-0.22 |
6 |
Libya |
0.87 |
0.15 |
0.58-1.00 |
17 |
Madagascar |
0.43 |
0.29 |
0.00-0.86 |
14 |
Madeira |
0.49 |
- |
0.49-0.49 |
1 |
Malawi |
0.53 |
0.11 |
0.27-0.62 |
10 |
Mali |
0.76 |
0.15 |
0.56-1.00 |
18 |
Mauritania |
0.94 |
0.08 |
0.81-1.00 |
13 |
Mauritius |
0.07 |
0.11 |
0.00-0.23 |
4 |
Morocco |
0.66 |
0.23 |
0.32-1.00 |
13 |
Mozambique |
0.53 |
0.16 |
0.18-1.00 |
109 |
Namibia |
0.88 |
0.14 |
0.70-1.00 |
6 |
Niger |
0.83 |
0.11 |
0.67-1.00 |
11 |
Nigeria |
0.51 |
0.17 |
0.19-0.76 |
23 |
Rwanda |
0.28 |
- |
0.28-0.29 |
2 |
Sao Tome & Principe |
0.25 |
- |
0.16-0.33 |
2 |
Senegal |
0.72 |
0.09 |
0.58-0.87 |
14 |
Seychelles |
0.06 |
- |
0.06-0.06 |
1 |
Sierra Leone |
0.30 |
0.06 |
0.22-0.36 |
6 |
Somalia |
0.88 |
0.12 |
0.68-1.00 |
24 |
South Africa |
0.66 |
0.29 |
0.00-1.00 |
43 |
Sudan |
0.72 |
0.22 |
0.28- 1.00 |
63 |
Swaziland |
0.15 |
- |
0.15 -0.15 |
1 |
Tanzania |
0.47 |
0.16 |
0.00-0.77 |
46 |
Togo |
0.46 |
0.11 |
0.32-0.56 |
4 |
Tunisia |
0.69 |
0.20 |
0.36-1.00 |
19 |
Uganda |
0.23 |
0.13 |
0.00-0.52 |
21 |
Western Sahara |
1.00 |
- |
1.00-1.00 |
2 |
Zaire |
0.20 |
0.15 |
0.00-0.54 |
81 |
Zambia |
0.57 |
0.06 |
0.45-0.67 |
24 |
Zimbabwe |
0.65 |
0.08 |
0.52- 1.00 |
35 |
Latin American |
||||
Antigua & Barbuda |
0.45 |
- |
0.45-0.45 |
1 |
Argentina |
0.47 |
0.33 |
0.00-1.00 |
94 |
Bahamas |
0.17 |
- |
0.17-0.17 |
1 |
Barbados |
0.40 |
- |
0.40-0.40 |
1 |
Belize |
0.20 |
- |
0.20-0.20 |
1 |
Bolivia |
0.44 |
0.24 |
0.00-0.81 |
36 |
Brazil |
0.29 |
0.23 |
0.00-0.85 |
204 |
British Virgin Islands |
0.21 |
- |
0.21 -0.21 |
1 |
Cayman Islands |
0.35 |
- |
0.35-0.35 |
1 |
Chile |
0.42 |
0.36 |
0.00- 1.00 |
35 |
Colombia |
0.13 |
0.18 |
0.00-0.87 |
35 |
Costa Rica |
0.19 |
0.18 |
0.00-0.41 |
15 |
Cuba |
0.44 |
0.22 |
0.21-0.80 |
5 |
Dominica |
0.15 |
- |
0.15 -0.15 |
1 |
Dominican Republic |
0.25 |
0.20 |
0.00-0.59 |
11 |
Ecuador |
0.35 |
0.31 |
0.00-1.00 |
48 |
El Salvador |
0.44 |
0.03 |
0.35-0.49 |
18 |
Falkland |
0.00 |
- |
0.00-0.00 |
1 |
French Guiana |
0.14 |
0.05 |
0.10-0.19 |
3 |
Guadeloupe |
0 05 |
- |
0 05-0 05 |
1 |
Guatemala |
0.31 |
0.19 |
0.00-0.56 |
26 |
Guyana |
0.11 |
0.22 |
0.00-0.55 |
6 |
Haiti |
0.22 |
0.20 |
0.00-0.75 |
20 |
Honduras |
0.30 |
0.15 |
0.00-0.48 |
16 |
Jamaica |
0.20 |
0.21 |
0.00-0.61 |
6 |
Martinique |
0.13 |
- |
0.11-0.15 |
2 |
Mexico |
0.64 |
0.21 |
0.00-1.00 |
55 |
Montserrat |
0.11 |
- |
0.11 -0.11 |
1 |
Netherlands Antilles |
0.66 |
0.21 |
0.42-0.83 |
5 |
Nicaragua |
0.47 |
- |
0.47-0.47 |
1 |
Panama |
0.24 |
0.13 |
0.00-0.39 |
13 |
Paraguay |
0.18 |
0.22 |
0.00-0.64 |
12 |
Peru |
0.55 |
0.37 |
0.00- 1.00 |
59 |
Puerto Rico |
0.08 |
- |
0.08-0.08 |
1 |
Saint Cristobal |
0.25 |
- |
0.25-0.25 |
1 |
Saint Lucia |
0.04 |
- |
0.04-0 04 |
1 |
Suriname |
0.12 |
0.07 |
0.02-0.17 |
4 |
Trinidad & Tobago |
0.29 |
0.08 |
0.21-0.37 |
3 |
Turks & Caicos Islands |
0.63 |
0.00 |
0.63-0.63 |
17 |
Uruguay |
0.08 |
0.06 |
0.00-0.18 |
14 |
Venezuela |
0.43 |
0.24 |
0.00-0.89 |
32 |
Asia |
||||
Afghanistan |
0.60 |
0.14 |
0.38-0.92 |
19 |
Bahrain |
1.00 |
- |
1.00-1.00 |
1 |
Bangladesh |
0.39 |
0.07 |
0.24-0.48 |
17 |
Burma |
0.43 |
0.06 |
0.20-0.52 |
34 |
China |
0.52 |
0.32 |
0.00-1.00 |
152 |
Cyprus |
0.56 |
0.06 |
0.46-0.66 |
28 |
East Timor |
0.40 |
0.14 |
0.22-0.58 |
5 |
Hong Kong |
0.21 |
- |
0.21-0.21 |
1 |
India |
0.58 |
0.17 |
0.00-1.00 |
161 |
Indonesia |
0.11 |
0.16 |
0.00-0.65 |
44 |
Iran |
0.68 |
0.23 |
0.17-1.00 |
45 |
Iraq |
0.77 |
0.167 |
0.47-0.95 |
20 |
Israel |
0.68 |
0.15 |
0.57-1.00 |
7 |
Japan |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00-0.04 |
139 |
Jordan |
0.77 |
0.16 |
0.57-1.00 |
28 |
Kampuchea |
0.37 |
0.05 |
0.28-0.44 |
7 |
Korea |
0.01 |
0.03 |
0.00-0.10 |
9 |
Kuwait |
0.90 |
- |
0.89-0.91 |
2 |
Laos |
0.48 |
0.03 |
0.45-0.51 |
4 |
Lebanon |
0.52 |
0.05 |
0.45-0.61 |
16 |
Macau |
0.19 |
- |
0.19-0.19 |
1 |
Malaysia |
0.01 |
0.04 |
0.00-0.17 |
37 |
Maldives |
0.22 |
- |
0.22-0.22 |
1 |
Nepal |
0.47 |
0.13 |
0.12-0.64 |
33 |
Oman |
1.00 |
0.00 |
1.00- 1.00 |
6 |
Pakistan |
0.83 |
0.21 |
0.21-1.00 |
24 |
Papua New Guinea |
0.07 |
0.18 |
0.00-0.52 |
8 |
Philippines |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.00-0.61 |
52 |
Qatar |
1.00 |
- |
1.00- 1.00 |
1 |
Saudi Arabia |
1.00 |
0.02 |
0.90-1.00 |
22 |
Singapore |
0.00 |
- |
0 00-0 00 |
1 |
Sri Lanka |
0.28 |
0.28 |
0.00-0.72 |
14 |
Syria |
0.16 |
0.13 |
0.37 - 1.00 |
45 |
Thailand |
0.40 |
0.11 |
0.13-0.52 |
64 |
Turkey |
0.42 |
0.12 |
0.00-0.064 |
158 |
United Arab Emirates |
1.00 |
- |
1.00-1.00 |
1 |
Vietnam |
0.39 |
0.13 |
0.26-0.61 |
9 |
Yemen Arab Republic |
0.94 |
0.08 |
0.79-1.00 |
7 |
Yemen RD.R. |
0.98 |
0.04 |
0.90-1.00 |
5 |