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1994 World Food Prize
The 1994 World Food Prize, the foremost international award given in recognition of outstanding achievement in increasing and improving the world's food supply, was awarded to Dr. Muhammad Yunus, founder and chief executive officer of the Grameen Bank, for his innovative programmes that have offered millions of the world's poorest people access to more food and better nutrition. Dr. Yunus has led the battle against hunger in his native Bangladesh through empowerment for the poor and programmes to improve the agricultural infrastructure.
"Dr. Yunus has given hope to a nation where hope has been in desperately short supply," said former US President Jimmy Carter, a member of the World Food Prize Council of Advisors. "He has shown the world that poor people want the same thing as all human beings the opportunity to live in good health and dignity." The genius of Dr. Yunus's activity, Carter added, has been its emphasis on personal responsibility and empowerment. "By giving poor people the power to help themselves, Dr. Yunus has offered them something far more valuable than a plate of food. He has offered them security in its fundamental form."
The Grameen Bank, which Dr. Yunus founded while teaching economics at Chittagong University, offers small, non-collateral loans to landless people living in rural areas. Although the average loan is less than US$100, it almost always provides recipients with the means to increase their incomes. "The cause of hunger is rooted in poverty," Dr. Yunus said. "If we can eliminate poverty, we will eliminate hunger. I believe we can, if we truly desire it, eradicate poverty and hunger within our lifetime. I am proud to accept the World Food Prize in recognition of that great goal."
The World Food Prize was established in 1986 to honour the contributions of individuals who have advanced human development by improving the quantity, quality, and availability of the world's food supply. The prize, conceived by Dr. Norman Borlaug, winner of the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize, is considered to be the Nobel equivalent for food. Recipients receive a sculpture created by world-renowned designer Saul Bass in addition to a cash award of US$200,000. Previous World Food Prize laureate include:
» 1993—He Kang, a Chinese scientist and long-time government official, for his leadership that enabled China, in a little more than a decade, to become self-sufficient in basic foods for the first time in modern history;
»1992 Dr. Edward F. Knipling and Dr. Raymond C. Bushland, a team of entomologists who developed the sterile-insect technique, an environmentally friendly method of controlling or eradicating insect pests that threaten the world's food supply;
»1991—Dr. Nevin S. Scrimshaw, who developed the principle for low-cost protein-rich food products to help prevent malnutrition in developing countries;
»1990—Dr. John S. Niederhauser, who discovered and utilized a durable resistance to the potato late blight disease, which boosted the food supply and improved nutrition for many nations;
»1989—Dr. Verghese Kurien, who turned the milk sheds of India into cooperatives that produce, process, and market milk in urban centres of the country;
»1988-—Dr. Robert F. Chandler, Jr., who guided the development and distribution of new varieties of rice with double and triple the yield potential of traditional rice;
»1987—Dr. M. S. Swaminathan, the architect of India's "Green Revolution," who led the introduction of high-yielding wheat and rice to Indian farmers.
Announcements
The second Advanced Course in Nutritional and Lifestyle Epidemiology will be conducted 29 May-3 June 1995 at the Wageningen Centre for Nutrition and Epidemiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Netherlands. The course is intended for epidemiologists, nutritionists, physicians, health care professionals, and others with basic knowledge of epidemiology. The following methodological issues will be dealt with on an advanced level: study design, exposure assessment, biomarkers, exposure measurement error, data analysis, bias, and effect modification. In addition, subject matter issues such as the relation of antioxidants, physical activity, fat, vegetables, and fruit intake to chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease will be lectured on and discussed.
The fee is Nfl2,000 (including meals and course material). For further information contact: Esther G. M. Pallast, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Agricultural University Wageningen, P.O.Box 238, 6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands; telephone: +31 8370 84124; telefax: +31 8370 82782; E-mail: Esther.Pallast@medew.hegl.wau.nl
The Fourth Congress of the International Society for Trace Elements Research in Humans will be held 25-28 September 1995 in Taormina, Italy. For information, contact: Prof. Giacomo Carlo Sturniolo, Dpt. Medicina Interna—Gasteroenterologia, Polyclinico, 98100 Messina, Italy; fax: 090 2935162; telephone: 090 2212361.
The editors of the Food and Nutrition Bulletin welcome contributions of relevance to its concerns (see the statement of editorial policy on the inside of the front cover). Submission of an article does not guarantee publication - which depends on the judgement of the editors as to its relevance and quality. Contributors should review recent issues of the Bulletin for content and style.
Language. Contributions may be in English, French, or Spanish. If French or Spanish is used, the author should submit an abstract in English if possible.
Format. Manuscripts should be typed, double-spaced, with ample margins. Only an original typed copy or a photocopy of equivalent quality should be submitted; photocopies on thin or shiny paper are not acceptable.
When a manuscript has been prepared on a word processor, it will be appreciated if a floppy disk, either 3 1/2-inch or 54-inch, can be included with the manuscript, with an indication of the disk format and the word-processing program used.
Length. Ordinarily contributions should not exceed 4,000 words.
Abstract. An abstract of not more that 150 words should be included with the manuscript. The abstract should state the purposes of the study or investigation, basic procedures (study subjects or experimental animals and observational and analytical methods), main findings (give specific data and their statistical significance if possible), and the principal conclusions. Emphasize new and important aspects of the study or observations. Do not cite references or use abbreviations or acronyms in the abstract.
Tables and figures. Tables and figures should be on separate pages. Tables should be typed double-spaced. Submit only original figures, original line drawings in India ink, or glossy photographs. Labels on the figures should be typed or professionally lettered or printed. not handwritten.
Photographs. Ideally photographic materials should he submitted in the form of black and white negatives or black and white glossy prints. Photographs will not be returned unless a specific request is made.
Units of measurement. Preferably all measurements should be expressed in metric units. If other units are used, their metric equivalents should be indicated.
References. References should be listed at the end of the article, also double-spaced. Unpublished papers should not be listed in references, nor should papers submitted for publication but not yet accepted.
Number references consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in the text and in tables and figure legends by arabic numerals enclosed in square brackets. References cited only in tables or figure legends should be numbered in accordance with the first mention of the relevant table or figure in the text. Be sure references are complete.
Reference citations should follow the format illustrated below.
Journal reference
- standard journal article (list all authors):
1. Alvarez ML, Mikasic D, Ottenberger A, Salazar ME. Características de familias urbanas con lactante desnutrido: un análisis crítico. Arch Latinoam Nutr 1979;29:220-30.
- corporate author:
2. Committee on Enzymes of the Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology. Recommended method for the determination of gammaglutamyltransferase in blood. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1976;36:119-25.
Book or other monograph reference - personal author(s):
3. Brozek J. Malnutrition and human behavior: experimental, clinical and community studies. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 19135.
- corporate author:
4. American Medical Association, Department of Drugs. AMA drug evaluations. 3rd ed. Littleton, Mass, USA: Publishing Sciences Group, 1977.
- editor, compiler, chairman as author:
5. Medioni J, Boesinger E, eds. Mécanismes éthologiques de l'évolution. Paris: Masson, 1977.
- chapter in book:
6. Barnett HG. Compatibility and compartmentalization in cultural change. In: Desai AR, ed. Essays on modernization of underdeveloped societies. Bombay: Thacker, 1971.
Identification. Contributors should give their full name and highest degree, the name of departments and institutions to which the work should be attributed, the name and address of the author responsible for correspondence about the manuscript, and sources of support for the work. If the material in the article has been previously presented or is planned to be published elsewhere - in the same or modified form - a note should be included giving the details.
Manuscript copies. The contributor should keep a duplicate copy of the manuscript. Manuscripts will not be returned unless specifically requested. Proofs will be sent to the authors only in exceptional circumstances.
Contributions should be addressed to:
The Editor
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
Charles Street Sta., P.O. Box 500
Boston, MA 02114-0500, USA
La rédaction du Food and Nutrition Bulletin recherche des articles traitant de sujets correspondent a ses thèmes (voir au vérso de la couverture la politique éditoriale de cette revue). La remise d'un manuscrit ne signifie pas sa publication, qui dépend de l'opinion de la rédaction sur son intérêt et sa qualité. Les auteurs vent invités a se pencher sur les récents numéros du Bulletin pour prendre connaissance de son contenu et de son style.
Langues. Les manuscrits peuvent être rédigés en anglais, en français ou en espagnol, et dan ces deux derniers cas, I'auteur ajoutera, si possible, un résumé en anglais.
Format. Les manuscrits doivent être dactylographiés. en double interligne, avec une marge suffisante. Ne doit être présenté qu'un exemplaire original dactylographié ou une photocopie de qualité équivalente.
Lorsqu'un manuscrit a été préparé sur un appareil de traitement de texte, un disque ou de 3,50 ou de 5,25 pouces devrait dans toute la mesure possible y être joint en précisant son format et le programme utilisé.
Longueur. Les manuscrits ne dovient pas, ordinairement, dépasser 4 000 mots.
Résumé. Un résumé de 150 mots maximum doit accompagner le manuscrit. Il devra donner les buts de l'étude ou des recherches, les procédures de base (sujets de l'étude ou animaux expérimentaux et méthodes d'observation et d'analyse), les principaux résultats (fournir des données spécifiques et indiquer dans la mesure du possible leur importance statistique) ainsi que les principales conclusions. Veuillez mettre en relief les aspects nouveaux et importants de l'étude ou des observations. Dans le résumé, ne citez aucun ouvrage de référence et n'utilisez ni abréviations ni sigles.
Tableaux et figures. Ils doivent être reportés sur des feuillets séparés. Les tableaux doivent être dactylographiés en double interligne. Veuillez soumettre uniquement des figures originales, des dessins a l'encre de Chine ou des photographies tirées sur papier glacé. Les labels qui apparaissent sur les figures doivent être dactylographiés ou gravés ou imprimés de manière professionnelle et non pas écrits a la main.
Photographies. En principe, les matériaux photographiques doivent être remis sous forme de négatifs noir et blanc ou d'épreuves noir et blanc sur papier brillant. Sauf demande expresse les photographies ne seront pas renvoyées.
Unités de mesure. On utilisera de préférence le système métrique. Si d'autres systèmes vent utilisés, l'équivalant métrique doit être indiqué.
Références. Les références doivent apparaître a la fin de ['article, en double interligne également. Les documents non publiés ne doivent pas figurer dans les références pas davantage que les documents présentés a des fins de publication mais qui n'ont pas encore été acceptés.
Veuillez numéroter les références dans l'ordre ou elles vent mentionnées dans le texte. Identifiez au moyen d'un chiffre arabe placé entre crochets les références dan le texte, les tableaux et les légendes des figures. Les références cités uniquement dans les tableaux ou les légendes des figures doivent être numérotées en fonction de la premiere fois où il est fait mention du tableau ou de la figure approprié dans le texte. Assurez-vous que les références vent complètes.
Les références citées doivent suivre le format décrit ci-dessous. Journal - article de journal type (énumérer tous les auteurs):
1. Alvarez ML, Mikasic D, Ottenberger A, Salazar ME. Caracteristicas de familias urbanas con lactante desnutrido: un análisis crítico. Arch Latinoam Nutr 1979;29:220-30.
- auteur d'une société.
2. Committee on Enzymes of the Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology. Recommended method for the determination of gammaglutamyltransferase in blood. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1976;36: 1 19-25.
Livre ou autre monographie - auteur(s) à titre personnel:
3. Brozek I. Malnutrition and human behavior: experimental, clinical and community studies. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985.
- auteur d'une société:
4. American Medical Association, Department of Drugs. AMA drug evaluations. 3e éd. Littleton, Mass. (E.U.): Publishing Sciences Group, 1977.
- éditeur, compilateur, président en tant qu'auteur:
5. Medioni J, Boesinger E, éds. Mécanismes éthologiques de l'évolution. Paris: Masson, 1977.
- chapitre d'un ouvrage:
6. Barnett HG. Compatibility and compartmentalization in cultural change. Dans: Desai AR, éd. Essays on modernization of underdeveloped societies. Bombay: Thacker, 1971.
Identification. Les auteurs doivent indiquer leur nom complet et leur principal diplôme, le nom des départements et des institutions auxquels le travail doit être attribué, le nom et l'adresse de l'auteur chargé de la correspondance sur le manuscrit ainsi que les sources de financement du travail. Si ['article a déjà été remis auparavant ou est retenu pour une autre publication - sous la même forme ou sous une forme modifiée - on l'indiquera de façon détaillée.
Copies du manuscrit. L'auteur doit conserver un double. Les manuscrits ne seront pas retournés a moins que leurs auteurs n'en fassent expressément la demande. Les épreuves seront envoyées aux auteurs dans des circonstances exceptionnelles seulement.
Les auteurs s'adresseront a:
The Editor
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
Charles Street Sta., P.O. Box 500
Boston, MA 02114-0500, USA
Los editores del Food and Nutrition Bulletin agradecen el envio de contribuciones pertinentes al tema de la revista (vea la política editorial de esta revista en cl interior de la tapa anterior). La presentación de un articulo no es garantía de su publicación. la cual dependerá del criterio de los editores en lo que respecta a su pertinencia y calidad. Se ruega a los que deseen colaborar que consulten los números recientes de Food and Nutrition Bulletin para cerciorarse de su contenido y estilo.
Idioma. Las contribuciones podrán remitirse en español, francés o inglés. En caso de utilizar español o francés, el autor deberá incluir, de ser posible, un resumen en inglés.
Formato. Los manuscritos deberán presentarse mecanografiadas, a doble espacio. con márgenes amplios. Solamente se presentarán originales mecanografiados o una fotocopia de los mismos de calidad equivalente. No se admitirán fotocopias en papel fino o satinado.
Si ha preparado el manuscrito con máquina de tratamiento de textos, agradeceremos nos envíe junto al manuscrito una copia del disco floppy. bien en 3 1/2 pulgadas. bien en 5 1/4 pulgadas, indicando el formato del disco y el programa de tratamiento de textos que ha utilizado.
Longitud. Las contribuciones ordinarias no deberán exceder las 4.000 palabras.
Resúmenes. Se adjuntará al manuscrito un resumen que no exceda de 150 palabras. El resumen indicará cl objetivo del estudio o investigación, métodos básicos (individuos, animales seleccionados en experimentos y métodos de observación y análisis), descubrimientos principales (si fuera posible aportando datos específicos y su significado estadístico), y las conclusiones principales. Se enfatizarán los aspectos nuevos c importantes del estudio u observaciones. En el resumen no se citarán referencias ni se usarán abreviaturas ni siglas.
Cuadros y figuras. Todos los cuadros y figuras deberán presentarse en hojas de papel por separado. Los cuadros se mecanografiarán a doble espacio. Se presentarán solamente figuras originales. esquemas originales en tinta china o fotografías en papel brillo. Los nombres de las figuras estarán mecanografiados o impresos o rotulados profesionalmente. y no manuscritos.
Fotografías. El material fotográfico se presentará preferentemente en blanco y negro, en negativos o en impresión sobre papel brillante. No se devolverá este material fotográfico a no ser que así lo solicite el remitente.
Unidades de medida . Se utilizará preferentemente cl sistema métrico decimal. De utilizarse otras unidades, deberán indicarse sus equivalentes en el sistema métrico decimal.
Referencias. Al final del articulo deberán consignarse las referencias, también en doble espacio. En las referencias no se consignarán documentos que no se hayan publicado, ni aquellos que hayan solicitado su publicación pero que no se han aceptado todavía.
Las referencias se numerarán consecutivamente en el orden en que aparecen en el texto. Las referencias en cl texto, en los cuadros y en los epígrafes de figuras se identificarán con números arábigos encerrados entre paréntesis rectangulares. Las referencias que se citan solamente en cuadros o epígrafes de figuras se numerarán de acuerdo con la primera mención que se haga en el texto del cuadro o figura pertinente. Debe asegurarse que se dan todas las referencias.
Las citas hechas a referencias deben adjustarse al formato indicado a continuación.
Referencia a publicación periódica
-artículo modelo de publicación periódica (consignar todos los autores):
1. Alvarez Ml. Mikasic D, Ottenberger A. Salazar ME. Características de familias urbanas con lactante desnutrido: un análisis critico. Arch Latinoam Nutr 1979;29:220-30.
- untares corporativos:
2. Committee on Enzymes of the Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology. Recommended method for the determination of gammaglutamyltransferase in blood. Stand J Clin Lab Invest 1976;36:119-25.
Referencia a libro u otra monografia -autor(es) personal(es):
3. Brozek J. Malnutrition and human behavior: experimental. clinical and community studies. Nueva York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985.
- autor corporativo.
4. American Medical Association, Department of Drugs. AMA drug evaluations. 3ra. edición. Littleton, Mass., EE.UU.: Publishing Sciences Group, 1977.
- editor recopilador presidente de consejo como autor:
5. Medioni J. Boesinger E, editores. Mécanismes éthologiques de l'évolution. Paris: Masson, 1977.
- capítulo de libro:
6. Barnett HG. Compatibility and compartmentalization in cultural change. En: Desai AR, editor. Essays on modernization of underdeveloped societies. Bombay: Thacker. 1971.
Identificación. Los autores deberán consignar su nombre completo y titulación más alta, nombre del departamento e instituciones a las que se atribuirá el trabajo. el nombre y la dirección del autor responsable de la correspondencia del manuscrito, y fuentes de sustentación del trabajo. Si el material del articulo ha sido presentado previamente o se prevé publicación en otra parte, en forma igual o modificada. se deberá agregar una nota con detalles sobre dicha publicación.
Copias de la contribución El contribuyente deberá conservar una copia del material que envíe. No se devolverán los manuscritos a no ser que se pida su devolución. Las correcciones de prueba se enviarán a los autores solamente en casos excepcionales.
Las contribuciones deberán dirigirse a:
The Editor
Food and Nutrition Bulletin
Charles Street Sta., P.O. Box 500
Boston, MA 02114-0500, USA