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UNU/IIST Activities in Africa


UNU/IIST's activities in Africa, which started in 1996, focus mainly on capacity-building in the area of Formal Methods for Software Development through

  • post-graduate training courses

  • fellowship programme

  • curriculum development


A. Post-graduate training courses

The main aim of UNU/IIST courses are to provide in-depth training in the most advanced software technology development techniques. Given UNU/IIST's current expertise, training is provided in:

  • RAISE1 method (tools and language), which emphasises the use of formal techniques in the development of medium or large-scale software systems.

  • Duration Calculus, which is a formal approach for the specification and design of real-time safety-critical systems.

  • Design Calculi and Research for Telecommunication Systems which is concerned with rigorous approaches to software development in telecommunications.

Such training courses are also used to initiate collaboration between UNU/IIST and the host institutions and to identify potential UNU/IIST fellows (see Section B).

In Africa, UNU/IIST has given the following 9 training courses:

  1. Tutorial on RAISE, Libreville, Gabon 7-8 October 1996.
    This tutorial was organised for participants attending CARI'96 (Third African Conference on Research in Computer Science). UNU/IIST Instructor: Dr. Richard Moore (e-mail: rm@iist.unu.edu).

    Post-graduate Course on Formal Methods in Software Development.
    Institut africian d'Informatique. Libreville, Gabon, 13-20 July 1997. This course was organised jointly by IAI and UNU/IIST and was attended by 22 participants from Benin, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Niger, Senegal, Togo as well as from Gabon. The course was taught by a UNU/IIST staff member and two lectures from IAI who had earlier spent a four-month fellowship at UNU/IIST developing course materials for teaching formal methods. UNU/IIST Instructor: Mr. Chris George (e-mail: cwg@iist.unu.edu).

  2. Post-graduate Course on Formal Methods in Software Development.
    Ecole normale supérieure polytechnique, Université de Yaounde-I, Cameroon. 21-29 July 1997. 21 participants attended this course from private sector industries in Cameroon. UNU/IIST Instructor: Mr. Chris George (e-mail: cwg@iist.unu.edu).

  3. Post-graduate Course on Design Calculi and Research for Telecommunication Systems (DesCaRTeS).
    University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 1-19 December 1997. This three work course comprised 1-week post-graduate course on SDL2 and its use in software development, followed by a two week intensive workshop with exploratory research experiments on DesCaRTeS. The workshop was attended by 16 participants from South Africa and 1 from the University of Malawi. Former UNU/IIST Instructor: Kees Middelburg.

  4. Formal Methods in Software Technology and RAISE, Cairo, Egypt, 20-24 February 1999.
    This course was jointly organised by UNU/IIST and the University of Cairo. This course was given by Mr Chris George. 14 participants attended the course. UNU/IIST Instructor: Mr. Chris George (e-mail: cwg@iist.unu.edu).

  5. Course on RAISE and Duration Calculus, Lagos, Nigeria, 19-30 July 1999.
    Jointly organized and co-funded by UNU/IIST and the University of Lagos. This course was given by Dr Tomasz Janowski. 19 participants attended the course. UNU/IIST Instructor: Dr. Tomasz Janowski (e-mail: tj@iist.unu.edu)

  6. Formal Software Development using RAISE, Tunis, Tunisia, 1-12 February 2000.
    Jointly organized by UNU/IIST and Ecole Superieure des Communications de Tunis. 29 participants attended the course. UNU/IIST Instructor: Dr. Richard Moore (e-mail: rm@iist.unu.edu).

  7. Formal Software Development using RAISE and Duration Calculus, St Louis, Senegal, 14-26 February 2000.
    Jointly organized by UNU/IIST and Universite Gaston Berger. 20 participants attended the course. UNU/IIST Instructors: Dr. Richard Moore (e-mail: rm@iist.unu.edu) and Dr. Dang Van Hung (e-mail: dvh@iist.unu.edu).

  8. Formal Methods in Software Development, Gaborone, Botswana, 12-21 June 2000.
    Jointly organised by UNU/IIST and the University of Botswana. To be immediately followed by a two-day conference on Software Development Theory, Practice and Experience -- Issues and Challenges for the 21st Century. UNU/IIST Instructor: Mr. Chris George (e-mail: cwg@iist.unu.edu).

B. Fellowship Programme

UNU/IIST offers three types of fellowships to allow young scientists from developing country institutions to receive training at UNU/IIST in Research (6-9 months), Advanced Development(9-12 months) and in Curriculum Development (2-6 months) (see Section C). We also offer fellowships for them to receive training in our partner universities (see Section F). Up to June 2000, UNU/IIST has trained 15 African fellows.

The followings are the research and advanced development projects on which African fellows are (or have been) working in the past years:

  • Design Technique for Real-time Systems
    Fellow:
    University of Dschang, Cameroon 01/05/99 - 27/12/99

  • Traditional Medicine
    This project seeks to preserve the knowledge of traditional African medicine by providing a basis for the storing of information on medicinal plants and traditional medicine and by collecting and storing information from traditional medical practitioners. The first stage of this project has been completed (a high-level domain analysis of African traditional medicine) and a project proposal has been submitted to potential partners and donors.
    Fellow:
    Pauline Laure Fotso Uni. of Yaounde I, Cameroon 22/09/97 - 15/08/97

  • Categories for System Integration
    The software industry is always under pressure for new products. Design from pre-existing components becomes a de facto practice of software development. This practice also saves time and development costs; it also results in products which are easier to upgrade and maintain. The present project studies the methods and tools to build software from pre-existing components. In 1998-99, a fellow from Nigeria worked on this research project.
    Fellow:
    Babatunde Akinkunmi University of Ibadan, Nigeria 04/01/99 - 31/05/99

  • Manufacturing Infrastructures Computing
    This project is about the application of formal methods to enterprise engineering, for business organisations in general and for manufacturing organisations in particular. It studies formally-based notations, methods and tools to analyse, design and re-design an enterprise as an engineering artifact.
    Fellow:
    Roger Atsa University of Yaounde I, Cameroon 01/04/00 - 30/09/00
    Adegboyega K. Ojo University of Lagos, Nigeria 01/07/00 - 31/12/00

  • Joint Fellowships at the University of Utrecht
    As a continuation of UNU/IIST research project on Design Calculi and Research for Telecommunication Systems, a joint fellowship project was launched in 1998 with the University of Utrecht in Netherlands. Under this project, UNU/IIST initially provided three 8-month fellowships for study on Formal Methods for Software Development at the University of Utrecht with the University providing additional funding for selected fellows to continue towards a Ph.D. A lecturer at the University of Malawi, Ms Edith Chipo Kanjo, has been offered a joint 20 month fellowship which should allow her to complete her Ph.D at Utrecht.

  • Joint Fellowships at the University of the Witwatersrand
    UNU/IIST is discussing with Department of Computer Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, to develop closer cooperation between the department and UNU/IIST. Both parties expressed interest in the following possibilities.

    1. UNU/IIST will offer the department postgraduate students and staff Fellowships or visiting positions at UNU/IIST to strengthen their research and teaching.

    2. The department and UNU/IIST can jointly organise training activities at the University for African countries, specially for the countries from the Southern African Development Community (SADC).

  • Fellowship Programme for Lusophone African countries
    UNU/IIST in cooperation with the Macau Foundation is launching a project to provide fellowships to young scientists from the Portuguese-speaking countries of Africa. Following discussions held during the Conference in Macau of the Association of Portuguese-speaking Universities, negotiations are now underway to organise a training course in Mozambique. One of the purposes of the course would be to identify potential candidates for UNU/IIST fellowships.

    The Macau Foundation for Cooperation and Development provided financial support in 2000 for UNU/IIST training activities in Portuguese speaking countries and China. This fund can be used for Lusophone African countries.


C. Curriculum Development

Since 1996, UNU/IIST has provided fellowships to university lecturers to spend 2-6 months at UNU/IIST. During this period, the fellows develop course material to use for teaching formal methods at the under-graduate or graduate levels. All the materials developed are available on UNU/IIST's ftp site.

To date, the following African computer scientists have received curriculum development fellowships:

Fellows
Roger Noussi IAI, Libreville, Gabon 03/02/97 - 31/05/97
Souleymane Koussouble IAI, Libreville, Gabon 03/02/97 - 31/05/97
Marcel Fouda Uni. de Yaoundé, Cameroon 04/09/97 - 03/03/98
William Shu University of Buea, Cameroon 02/05/98 - 30/09/98
Dessalegn Mihret Info. Sys. Section, UNECA, Ethiopia 19/02/99 - 18/08/99
Jules Tapamo Universite Gaston Berger, Senegal 01/08/99 - 30/11/99
Ngolah Cyprian Uni. of Buea, Cameroon 01/06/00 - 31/08/00
Allaoua Chaoui Uni. Mentouri of Constantine, Algeria 01/08/00 - 03/11/00

The third and the fourth fellows have carried out case studies respectively on:

  • Water resource management system

  • University management system
UNU/IIST hopes that these case studies can form the basis for advanced development projects involving computer scientists from Cameroon and other African countries.

D. Winter School on Programming Methodology, University of Capetown, South Africa, 6-7 July 1998

This school was offered by IFIP3 Working Group 2.3 on Programming Methodology, with support from UNU/IIST. The Workshop was organised by the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science of the University of Capetown. Five eminent academics each offered a course of 10 lectures on a particular topic. Participants to this course came from South Africa but also from Angola, Cameroon, Malawi, Uganda, Zaire, Zimbabwe. The courses were examinable and counted as an Honours' degree credit.

UNU/IIST supported one lecturer from USA as well as the travel expenses of 17 participants from South Africa and 11 from other African countries.

UNU/IIST also co-sponsored the following event, by providing limited financial support to cover travel expenses to allow young researchers to present papers at the following conference.

Maghrebian Conference On Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (MCSEAI'98); 8-10 December 1998, Tunis, Tunisia

E. South-South Cooperation

Through the recommendation of UNU/IIST, the State Science and Technology Commission of China donated a Chinese-made parallel computer to the University of Yaounde. Three staff of University of Yaounde received training in China and a Chinese expert was also seconded to Yaounde to provide training on parallel computing.

F. University Development Project

Many of these universities suffer not only from a serious lack of resources, including basic text books and teaching materials, but also in many cases from isolation from the international academic community: not only do they tend to have very little money available for international travel, but electronic connections via the internet are often prohibitively expensive and unreliable, even when they exist at all. This makes it very difficult for them to keep abreast of advances in the subjects they teach, particularly in a field such as computer science which changes so rapidly.

Under the University Development Project we are trying to alleviate this situation by arranging for (generally young) computer science lecturers or professors from universities in developing countries to learn new courses at partner universities in industrialised countries, at the same time providing them with the supporting course materials. Then when they return to their own universities they use the knowledge they gain, together with the supporting course materials, as the basis for improving and updating existing courses or introducing new courses into the teaching curriculum of their own university.

The lecturers generally spend one semester at one of the partner universities, during which time they study several (generally four or five) courses offered by the partner university. These courses may be at either undergraduate or postgraduate level, depending on the specific needs of their own university.

The partner universities all provide the use of their facilities (attendance at lectures, use of office space plus library and computing facilities, and general assistance) and copies of their course material (lecture material, student's notes, course exercises, etc.) free of charge and in particular without payment of tuition fees. In addition, UNU/IIST provides recommended text books for each of the courses the fellows study, and these text books become the property of the fellows' home department when they return.
Fellow
Clementin Tayou Djamegni Uni. of Dschang, Cameroon 03/07/00 to 03/11/00
(Queensland, Australia)

G. Joint Fellowships with INRA

Some of UNU/IIST African fellows have contributed to the training courses of Institute for Natural Resources in Africa (INRA), UNU, on management information system for African natural resources. Both parties are interested in further developing their cooperation in this aspect.


Footnotes
 (1) RAISE: Rigorous Approach to Industrial Software Engineering
 (2) Specification and Description Language
 (3) IFIP: International Federation for Information Processing


Click here for more on:    [UNU/IIST Courses]   [ UNU/IIST Fellowships]


For further information, please contact:
Murray Singer, The United Nations University International Institute for Software Technology (UNU/IIST), P. O. Box 3058, Macau. Fax: (853) 712940; E-mail: (iist@iist.unu.edu)


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