Science and technology in the transformation
of the world This is the old United Nations University website. Visit the new site at http://unu.edu
Science and technology in the transformation
of the world
Edited by
Anouar Abdel-Malek
Gregory Blue
Miroslav Pecujlic
First International Seminar on the Transformation of the World
Belgrade, Yugoslavia, October 1979.
THE UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY
Project on Socio-cultural Development Alternatives in a
Changing WORLD (SCA)
Sub-project on the Transformation of the World (TW)
General Editor: Anouar Abdel-Malek, Project Co-ordinator
© The United Nations University, 1982
HSDCP-2/UNUP-339
ISBN 92-808-0339-5
This book was prepared within the framework of the Human and Social Development Programme of the United Nations University. The views expressed are those of the writers and not necessarily those of the United Nations University.
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Printed in Japan
Zivorad Kovacevic
Pavle Savic
Miroslav Pecujlic
Kinhide Mushakoji
Le nécessaire et le possible dans la formation du mondial (Keynote Address)
Première Partie: Le Mondial, Esquisse d'une Analyse
Deuxième Partie: L'Informationnel et sa Problématique a l'Echelle Mondiale
Conclusion
Introduction
Report on session I
Technology and societyParadigmes scientifiques et auto-détermination humaine
Science and the making of contemporary civilization
Introduction
I. The physical image of the world
II. Science and underdevelopment in Latin America
III. Science and dependent development
IV. Endogenization of science in which society?
V. The aims of science
VI. Science for liberation
Notes
Session II: Technology generation and transfer - Transformation alternatives
Introduction
Report on session II
The collective self-reliance of developing countries in the fields of science and technologyI. General considerations
II. Co-operation among developing countries in developing national potentials
Ill. The strengthening of the negotiating position of developing countries in science and technology
IV. Instead of a conclusion
NotesScience and technology in Japanese history: university and society
I. Japan before the second world war
II. The change after the second world war
III. The significance of "the age of local communities''Legal aspects of the transfer of technology in modern society
Introduction
The relevance of the legal order to the transfer of technological knowledge
Some proposed measures on the national and international levelsPhilosophy (concepts) of scientific and technological development
Introduction
I. Development and underdevelopment
II. Definition of some basic terms
III. Existing philosophies of scientific-technological development
IV. Self-reliance
Bibliography
Session III: Biology, medicine, and the future of mankind
Introduction
Report on session III
La maîtrise de la vie: Pour quoi faire?Introduction
I. Necessite et enjeux
II. La "logique" du vivant
III. Quoi faire?I. Introduction - The darwinian and ned-darwinian systems
II. Sociobiology or biosociology? how to view humans and their society
III. Three levels of production and consumption
IV. Needs
V. Science and technology as cultural phenomena
VI. The turning point of social development: space and time
NotesHuman aspects of medical sciences: Medical technology and the responsibility of the physician
Session IV: The control of space and power
Introduction
Report on session IV
Toward a clearer definition of the role of science and technology in transformationIntroduction
I. A view of the problem from within
II. The view from without
III. Toward a clearer definition of the role of science and technology in transformation
Appendix I. A systematic approach to the definition of the role of s e t in transformation
Appendix II. Relation between mathematical and non-quantifiable experiences (for achieving consistency between model s e t requirements)
Appendix III. Analysis of the relative importance of factors relating to s e t (from questionnaire to scenario-writing)
NotesScience, technology, and politics in a changing world
I. What kind of transformation?
II. The nature of the crisis
III. World political trends
IV. The role of science and technology
V. A proposition
NotesThe technology of repression and repressive technology: The social bearers and cultural consequences
Introduction
I. The vicious circle of repressive technology
II. The main social figures of repressive technology
III. Militarization of the economy and science: the birthplace of the metropolitan technocracy
IV. The genesis of the "technocratic elite" in dependent societiesNuclear energy in Latin America: The Brazilian case
I. The Brazilian nuclear programme and the treaty with the federal Republic of Germany
II. Perspectives on nuclear energy in Brazil
III. Nuclear energy and the prestige of national power
IV. The possibility of latin american nuclear co-operation
V. The position of brazil regarding nuclear proliferation
Appendices
References
Session V: From intellectual dependence to creativity
Introduction
Report on session VIntroducción
I. El problema de la creatividad endógena en ciencias sociales.
II. Conocimiento social, ciencia e ideología
III. La formación de una intelectualidad India contemporánea.
IV. Notas para un proyecto de desarrollo endógeno de las ciencias sociales.
NotasOn the edge of a razor blade: the new historical blocs and socio-cultural alternatives in Europe
Miroslav Pecuilic and Zoran Vidakovic
Introduction
I. The new janus - Two faces of science and technology
II. The pathology of power and science
III. The new protagonist - social movements and organic intelligentsia
IV. Dramatic birth of alternatives
V. Self-reliance and solidarity (autonomy and new universality)
NotesScience and technology in the history of modern Japan: imitation or endogenous creativity?
Science and technology as an organic part of contemporary culture
Joseph Needham's contribution to the history of science and technology in China